導讀

比利時前首相伊夫·萊特姆 (Yves Leterme) 日前做客中國觀察智庫與中國日報新媒體聯(lián)合推出的訪談節(jié)目《連線·全球政要訪談》，對近年來中國為實現(xiàn)碳中和而進行的綠色轉(zhuǎn)型努力表示肯定。他指出，在應對全球氣候變化方面，中國已承擔起大國責任，成為新能源開發(fā)利用領域的領軍者。其他國家也應摒棄保護主義政策，擴大開放合作，共同應對挑戰(zhàn)。

//記者：當前，中國正在走綠色發(fā)展道路，追求高質(zhì)量發(fā)展，傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級已成為當務之急。這也需要實行高水平開放，與世界各國開展合作共贏。我們想了解您對中國在經(jīng)濟和國際交流方面致力于綠色發(fā)展的看法。//

伊夫·萊特姆：

我認為綠色發(fā)展這一問題十分關鍵。如今，氣候變化、環(huán)境問題，核不擴散等等全球挑戰(zhàn)都不會限于一國邊界之內(nèi)。因此，要應對全球問題，各國除了合作別無選擇。這是關乎全人類生死存亡的大事。

I think it's a key question you raise, of course, climate change, environmental issues, or proliferation, global challenges. These challenges don't take into account borders, so there is no alternative than to cooperate. It's about survival of mankind.

就中國而言，我認為你們已經(jīng)制定了正確的路線圖——《新時代的中國綠色發(fā)展》白皮書。

In terms of China, I think that the communication by the State Council in January put forward the right agenda — China's Green Development in the New Era with different chapters. I think that's the right roadmap.

我想作為一個外界人士談談對白皮書的看法。我認為白皮書的發(fā)布正當其時，為重工業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型指出了方向。中國目前是世界第二工業(yè)強國，正在朝著第一邁進，終有一天將取得領先地位。因此，中國作為一個領先經(jīng)濟體，關鍵在于要給予生產(chǎn)模式轉(zhuǎn)型充分的重視——中國有這個能力。

And I would like to underline a couple of features of that roadmap that I think we perceive from the outside. That’s quite essential. It's about transforming the heavy industry. China is to become the biggest industrial power in the world. It is now the second one, but will be leading. And so to have sufficient focus on transforming production processes is really key. You have the capacities. That's quite essential as a leading economy.

　　圖片來源：中國日報

從國內(nèi)來看，中國正依據(jù)“十四五”規(guī)劃實施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略，推動城鄉(xiāng)和地區(qū)之間實現(xiàn)均衡發(fā)展，這也有助于推動實現(xiàn)綠色發(fā)展目標?？偟膩碚f，我認為中國領導人在工業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型問題上放眼長遠，大膽開拓。并且，中國在轉(zhuǎn)型過程中積極采用高新技術，不斷降低工業(yè)能耗，使得綠色發(fā)展更具可持續(xù)性。

I think, internally, within the framework of the 14th Five-Year Plan, the idea of rural revitalization, deconcentration of growth could also help. So, to sum up,the Chinese leadership has a bold vision on transforming the industry and render it more sustainable by using top-quality technologies, less use of energy supply for instance.

此外，同樣重要的是，中國必須在全球舞臺上承擔起大國責任，而中國也確實在這樣做。

Last but no least, China also has to take its responsibility on the global stage, and it does.

因此，無論是在國內(nèi)還是在國際舞臺上，中國都已擔起職責，幫助世界應對全球挑戰(zhàn)。全人類是一個共同體，命運相通，未來與共。我們在應對氣候變化時不必過多考慮各種人為邊界，而應形成一個覆蓋全世界的命運共同體，合作應對共同的挑戰(zhàn)。

So both internally and on the international global scene, it is really a part of the role of China that has reentered the course of history to help the world to address this global challenge. We have a common future. The future of mankind is common. And we should build shared societies throughout the world, not too much taking into account all kinds of artificial borders when it comes to combat climate change.

　　圖片來源：東方IC

//記者：您對中國的“碳中和”承諾怎么看？//

伊夫·萊特姆：

從國內(nèi)來看，我認為中國有責任實現(xiàn)碳中和。因為，隨著經(jīng)濟的高速發(fā)展和人民消費能力的迅速提高，中國每年所消耗的資源和能源越來越多。不過，中國可以通過科技創(chuàng)新，通過加快發(fā)展替代能源來降低經(jīng)濟發(fā)展對生態(tài)環(huán)境的負面影響。例如：光伏發(fā)電的規(guī)模和技術水平都領跑世界。在替代能源使用方面，中國的成就全球矚目。為了不斷減少二化碳排放，中國應繼續(xù)在這一領域全速前進。

Well, in terms of achieving carbon neutrality, China has a responsibility on the domestic scene, because, of course, with the growth in purchasing power, and the unprecedented economic development, China consumes more and more rare materials and energy, but can reduce the harmful impact of that growing economic activity by applying scientific research technology, the best possible technology, and by, for instance, developing very rapidly the sourcing of alternative energy. You are world leader, for instance, in the use of solar panels. The whole of your energy production is quite impressive in terms of the use of alternative energy. I think that in reducing the CO2 emissions, you should go really full-speed in that field.

與此同時，世界上的其他大國應該努力建設開放的投資市場，而不是采取保護主義政策。各國應致力于加強科研協(xié)作，并在光伏設備等有助于減少化石燃料使用和二氧化碳排放的設備生產(chǎn)和貿(mào)易領域展開廣泛合作。

And the other powers in the globe should try to invest in open connections, and not turn to protectionism but try to cooperate both in scientific research and also in production and trade of photovoltaic and all the devices that help us to reduce the use of fossil fuels to reduce CO2 emissions.

最后一點，舉個例子，如果歐盟或者世界其他地區(qū)想要實現(xiàn)各自宏偉的二氧化碳減排目標，那么就必須在交通出行領域做出變革，這一變革的關鍵在于電動汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)，而中國正好是這一領域的領軍者。歐盟在傳統(tǒng)能源汽車領域長期占據(jù)領先優(yōu)勢，德國、法國的汽車工業(yè)一向處于行業(yè)前沿。但現(xiàn)在，中國在新能源汽車領域取得了優(yōu)勢。中國擁有最好的新能源技術和優(yōu)秀的新能源汽車產(chǎn)品。因此，我認為，重要的是，歐盟需保持開放的汽車進口，從而滿足龐大的市場需求，同時也有助于降低新能源汽車價格，讓普通人也有能力消費。

One last point, I think, for instance, if, at the level of European Union and also in other parts of the globe, if we want to have any chance to reach our very ambitious goals in terms of CO2 emission reduction, we have to change, for instance, our mobility, and there, the EVs, the electric vehicles are quite key. And China is leading, as leading role. We have been very good at fossil fuel-driven cars. The German industry, for instance, the French industry was pioneering, was cutting-edge. But now we see in terms of electric vehicles, you are leading. You have the best technology. You have excellent products. And so, I think it's important that European Union remains open to import electric vehicles to respond to the very huge demand, and also to lower a little bit of price of these electric vehicles in order to make them accessible for the average citizen.

　　圖片來源：中國日報

出品人：王浩 邢志剛

監(jiān)制：柯榮誼 宋平

制片：張少偉

記者：沈一鳴 張欣然 栗思月 劉源 夏琳 張釗 欒瑞英 辛欣 劉夏